FCC汽油降烯烃工艺及催化剂研究进展

针对国VI汽油标准大幅度降烯烃的需要及乙醇汽油对有机含氧化合物含量的严格要求,从分子炼油角度出发,按照烯烃碳数C_4、C_5～C_6、C_5～C_8的顺序分别介绍并分析催化裂化(FCC)汽油降烯烃后处理技术,包括MTBE生产、烷基化、醚化、异构化/芳构化工艺发展状况、优缺点与应用局限。由于乙醇汽油的推广,MTBE生产技术与轻汽油醚化技术将面临停产的困境与改造的挑战,而烷基化、异构化/芳构化等生产高辛烷值汽油组分的技术是更具潜力的FCC汽油降烯烃技术,将得到大力发展。此外,总结常用工业催化剂及其改性研究,并简述存在问题与发展方向,提出汽油组分比例优化、MTBE装置改造等建议与展望,为FCC汽油降烯烃工艺技术路线选择提供借鉴。

Advances in processes and catalysts for reducing olefin content of FCC gasoline

With the strict requirements on significant olefin reduction of the national VI gasoline and the limitation to the content of organic oxygen containing compounds in ethanol gasoline,this paper introduced the application developments of FCC gasoline olefin reduction post-processing technology processes,including MTBE production,alkylation,etherification and isomerization/aromatization processes in the order of carbon number C₄,C₅-C₆ and C₅-C₈ from the perspective of molecular refining,respectively.Moreover,the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies and application limitations were also analyzed.Among them,because of the promotion of ethanol gasoline,MTBE production technology and light gasoline etherification technology will be faced with stop production and the challenge of transformation.Alkylation and isomerization/aromatization technologies which produce high-octane gasoline component are potential FCC gasoline olefin reduction technologies,and they will be vigorously developed in the future.What’s more,the commonly used industrial catalysts of which modification study,development direction and existing problems were summarized and discussed.Suggestions and prospects such as gasoline component ratio optimization and MTBE plant revamping were put forward for the technical route selection of FCC gasoline olefin reduction in future work.