Improvement of cotton cloth soil removal by inclusion of alkaline cellulase from Bacillus sp. KSM-635 in detergents |
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Authors: | Eiichi Hoshino Masahito Chiwaki Akira Suzuki Moriyasu Murata |
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Affiliation: | (1) Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 131-8501 Tokyo, Japan;(2) Health Care Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida, 131-8501 Tokyo, Japan;(3) Present address: Wakayama Research Laboratories, Kao Corp., 1334 Minato, 640-8580 Wakayama, Wakayama, Japan |
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Abstract: | Alkaline cellulase from Bacillus sp. KSM-635 (EC 3.2.1.4) had reproducible detergent effects on cotton cloth that was artificially or naturally soiled with
oily and/or particulate matter, under European washing conditions. The detergent effects of the cellulase, in combination
with surfactants, apparently were the result of enzymatic action on amorphous regions of cotton fibers in which soil was trapped.
The contribution of cellulase to soil removal increased as (i) the amount of soil in the amorphous regions of fibers in test
fabrics was increased and (ii) the inhibition, by soil that adhered to the fibers' surfaces, of the action of the cellulase
on fibers was reduced. Alkaline cellulase had the potential to replace, in part, both surfactants and zeolite in detergents,
and it reduced washing time and allowed washing at lower temperatures under European washing conditions. The marked detergent
effect of cellulase on naturally soiled cotton fabric was visually apparent, and it inhibited the accumulation of ash, calcium,
and other inorganic components on cotton fibers during wash-and-wear cycles. These contributions of cellulase to the cleanliness
of cotton fabrics were clearly increased by repeated wash-and-wear cycles. Cotton fabrics were not degraded by washing with
the cellulase because effective hydrolysis by the cellulase occurred only in the amorphous regions of cotton fibers. |
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Keywords: | Alkaline cellulase amorphous region Bacillus sp KSM-635 cellulose cotton endo-type cellulase European washing conditions fiber laundry detergent sebum soil |
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