甲酸脱氢酶用于辅酶NADH再生的研究进展

NADH依赖型氧化还原酶广泛应用于精细化学品和手性化合物的生物合成，其中辅酶NADH作为还原当量起着关键的作用，NADH的再生关系到生物氧化还原过程能否进行. 甲酸脱氢酶在辅酶NADH再生中的应用是目前代谢工程领域研究的热点之一. 本工作回顾了甲酸脱氢酶的来源和氨基酸序列、酶的理化性质和催化机理等方面的研究进展，从化学稳定性、热稳定性和成本等方面阐述了甲酸脱氢酶在辅酶再生系统中的应用，讨论了甲酸脱氢酶用于辅酶再生的代谢工程平台的发展趋势，并对研究发展方向提出了一些设想.

Formate Dehydrogenase and Its Application in Cofactor NADH Regeneration

NADH-dependent oxidoreductases are valuable tools for the biological synthesis of fine chemicals and chiral compounds. As the reducing equivalent, cofactor NADH plays a critical role in those reactions. Due to the high cost of the NADH cofactors, in situ NADH regeneration is required for preparative applications. NAD+-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH) is an abundant enzyme that plays an important role in energy supply of methylotrophic microorganisms. FDH captures increasing attention in recent years, and is widely used in enzymatic syntheses of chemical compounds as a versatile biocatalyst for NADH regeneration consumed in the main reactions. This review covers the latest developments in cloning genes of FDH from various sources, studies of its catalytic mechanism and physiological role, and its application for NADH regeneration from the following aspects: chemical stability, thermal stability and cost. Future development of FDH used as NADH regeneration platform is also illustrated.