表面印迹耦合溶胶-凝胶法制备4-硝基酚印迹材料及性能表征

采用表面印迹和溶胶?凝胶相结合的方法，以4-硝基酚(4-NP)为模板分子、α-甲基丙烯酸(α-MAA)为功能单体、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TRIM)为交联剂、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂，制备可选择性识别吸附去除水中4-NP污染物的印迹吸附材料，考察了4-NP与α-MAA和4-NP与TRIM摩尔比、致孔剂种类、提取液种类对所制材料吸附性能的影响，并通过正交实验优化材料制备条件，用扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶红外光谱仪、比表面积分析仪、热重?差热分析仪和纳米粒度仪等设备对最优条件下合成的材料进行了表征。结果表明，4-NP:α-MAA摩尔比为1:8，4-NP:TRIM摩尔比为1:10，致孔剂为乙醇，提取液为甲醇/乙酸(7:3，体积比)时所制印迹材料对4-NP的去除效果最佳，达6.23 μmol/g；4-NP成功印记在硅胶表面，印迹材料能特异性吸附4-NP。

Preparation and properties characterization of 4-nitrophenol imprinted materials by surface imprinting coupled with sol-gel method

The 4-nitrophenol imprinted materials that can selectively identify and remove 4-nitrophenol pollutants were prepared by surface imprinting and sol?gel methods using 4-nitrophenol as template molecule, α-methacrylic acid (α-MAA) as functional monomer, three hydroxymethyl propane three methacrylate (TRIM) as crosslinking agent, 2-methylpropionitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The effects of mole ratios of 4-nitrophenol to α-MAA and 4-nitrophenol to TRIM, types of pore formation agents and extracting solutions on the adsorption properties of surface molecularly imprinted materials were investigated. The preparation conditions of imprinted materials were further optimized by orthogonal experiments. The imprinted materials synthesized under the optimum conditions were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface analyzer, thermo-gravimetric analyzer and nanometer particle size analyzer. The results showed that the imprinted material had the best removal efficiency to 4-nitrophenol when the molar ratio of 4-nitrophenol to α-MAA and 4-nitrophenol to TRIM were 1:8 and 1:10, respectively, the pore formation agent was ethanol and the extracting solution was methanol/acetic acid (7:3, volume ratio), the value was 6.23 μmol/g. 4-nitrophenol was successfully imprinted on the surface of silica gel and the imprinted materials could specifically adsorb 4-nitrophenol.