高熵氧化物的制备及应用研究进展

高熵氧化物作为近几年发展起来的新型氧化物体系，打破了传统掺杂氧化物的设计理念，由五种及以上氧化物以等摩尔或近等摩尔构成，因其具有简单的结构和优异的性能等受到国内外研究人员的广泛关注。高熵氧化物由于多主元且主元之间混乱排列，易形成岩盐型、氟化钙型、尖晶石型或钙钛矿等固溶体结构，从而表现出优异的性能，尤其在能源存储材料和磁性材料方面有十分广阔的应用前景，但目前对高熵氧化物应用研究较少。本工作介绍了国内外高熵氧化物的制备方法，主要包括固相法、热解法、共沉淀法、水热合成法和液相燃烧合成法等，比较了各方法的优缺点和发展前景；归纳了高熵氧化物作为锂离子电极材料、巨介电材料、磁性材料和催化材料等方面的应用；指出了高熵氧化物目前研究存在的问题，讨论了解决措施，展望了高熵氧化物未来的发展趋势。

Research progress in preparation and application of high-entropy oxides

As a new type of oxide system, high entropy oxides have broken the traditional design concept of doped oxide and are composed of five or more kinds of oxides in equal or nearly equal mole. Because of its simple structure and excellent performance, it has been widely concerned by researchers at home and abroad in recent years. High-entropy oxides tend to form solid solution structures such as rock-salt type, calcium fluoride type, spinel type or perovskite due to the disordered arrangement of multiple principal elements. Therefore, it shows various excellent performances, especially in energy storage materials and magnetic materials, which has a very broad application prospect. However, there are few research on high-entropy oxides, especially on the application of high-entropy oxides. This work first introduced the preparation methods of high-entropy oxides at home and abroad, mainly including solid state reaction method, pyrolysis method, co-precipitation method, hydro-thermal synthesis method and solution combustion synthesis method. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of each method were also discussed, and these offered a wide range of flexible approaches for different type of applications of high-entropy oxides. Then the applications of high-entropy oxides as Li-ion electrode materials, giant dielectric materials, magnetic materials and catalytic materials were summarized. At last, the problems of high-entropy oxides in the present research were pointed out, and the future developments were also prospected. This review had certain guiding significance for the expansion of the application of high-entropy oxides subjects in the future direction.