| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital 263002, India;2. Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany;3. Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea;4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore;5. Department of Physics, Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA 23005 USA;1. Department of Mechanical and Naval Architectural Engineering, Naval Academy, Kyungsangnam-Do, 440-749, Republic of Korea;2. Material Research Center, Samsung Electronics, Yougin, Gyeonggi 446-712, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;4. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea;1. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.B.S. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263001, India;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, 248007, India;3. Advanced Materials Research Group, CNT Lab, ABV – Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474015, India;1. Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea;2. KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea;3. Division of Polymer-Nano & Textile Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea;4. Division of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungnam University, Changwon-si, 51767, Republic of Korea;1. School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, Kerala, India;2. School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea;4. Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, Kerala, India;5. Polymer Laboratory, Dielectric Materials Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore 560080, India |
| Abstract: | The allotropes of carbon nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene) are the most unique and promising substances of the last decade. Due to their nanoscale diameter and high aspect ratio, a small amount of these nanomaterials can produce a dramatic improvement in the properties of their composite materials. Although carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene exhibit numerous extraordinary properties, their reported commercialization is still limited due to their bundle and layer forming behavior. Functionalization of CNTs and graphene is essential for achieving their outstanding mechanical, electrical and biological functions and enhancing their dispersion in polymer matrices. A considerable portion of the recent publications on CNTs and graphene have focused on enhancing their dispersion and solubilization using covalent and non-covalent functionalization methods. This review article collectively introduces a variety of reactions (e.g. click chemistry, radical polymerization, electrochemical polymerization, dendritic polymers, block copolymers, etc.) for functionalization of CNTs and graphene and fabrication of their polymer nanocomposites. A critical comparison between CNTs and graphene has focused on the significance of different functionalization approaches on their composite properties. In particular, the mechanical, electrical, and thermal behaviors of functionalized nanomaterials as well as their importance in the preparation of advanced hybrid materials for structures, solar cells, fuel cells, supercapacitors, drug delivery, etc. have been discussed thoroughly. |
