基于刚柔耦合环模型的轮胎均匀性建模与分析

轮胎在生产制造过程中会不可避免地产生结构、材料、质量分布等不均匀问题。汽车即使在平稳路面上行驶,轮胎的不均匀性也会引起轴力的波动,并且轴力的高阶谐波还可能引发车辆内部的噪声问题。本研究基于刚柔耦合环模型,提出了一个用于分析轮胎几何不均匀导致的动态响应的理论模型。该模型考虑了径向尺寸偏差的影响,得到了不同垂向负荷下轮胎与路面接触压力分布和接地印痕长度,进而分析了轴头纵向力和径向力的波动,并利用试验数据进行了验证。结果表明,建立的模型可以很好地描述轮胎几何不均匀性对其受力的影响,并预测低速时径向尺寸偏差对径向力波动的影响。

Modeling and Analysis of Tire Uniformity Based on Rigid-Flexible Coupling Ring Model

In the tire manufacturing process,uneven structure,material,and mass distribution would inevitably occur.Even if a car was running on a smooth road,the non-uniformity of the tires could cause fluctuations in the axial force,and the high-order harmonics of the axial force caused by the tire nonuniformity might also cause noise problems inside the vehicle.Based on the rigid-flexible coupling ring model,a theoretical model was presented for analyzing the characteristics of the dynamic responses caused by the geometric non-uniformities of tires.The influence of the mass imbalance and radial dimension deviation were taken into consideration in this model,and the pressure distribution on the tire-road contacting area and the length of the footprint under different vertical loads were obtained.Furthermore,the fluctuation of the longitudinal and radial forces was analyzed and verified by the experimental data.The results showed that the model established by this work could well describe the response of force caused by the tire non-uniformities and predict the influence of the radial dimension deviation on the radial force variation at low speed.