陶瓷先驱体催化裂解研究进展

有机聚合物衍生陶瓷技术具有聚合物分子可设计性强、成型容易和制备温度低等优点,已经成为陶瓷及其复合材料的主要制备技术之一。裂解是陶瓷先驱体实现从有机到无机转化的关键步骤,对目标陶瓷的组成、结构和性能有着决定性的影响。在陶瓷先驱体中添加过渡金属进行催化裂解,可以改变其裂解行为,进而调控和拓展裂解产物的结构和性能。本文从不同过渡金属对陶瓷先驱体的催化裂解作用入手,总结了陶瓷先驱体催化裂解的研究现状,探讨了催化机理,并就后续深化研究与应用提出了发展建议。

Research Progress on Catalytical Pyrolysis of Preceramic Polymers

Polymer-derived ceramics technology has become one of the main preparation technologies for ceramics and ceramic composite materials due to the advantages of flexible designability of polymer molecules, easy molding and low preparation temperature. Pyrolysis is a key step for the preceramic polymer to transform from organic to inorganic, and plays a decisive role on the composition, structure and properties of the target ceramics. By adding transition metals to the preceramic polymers for catalytical pyrolysis, the pyrolysis behavior was tailored to regulate and expand the structure and performance of the pyrolyzates. The catalytical pyrolysis effects of different transition metals on preceramic polymers were reviewed, the research status was summarized, the catalytical mechanism was discussed, and the development suggestions for the subsequent research and application were proposed.