The effect of synthesis conditions on the growth of carbon nanofilaments using intermetallic copper-tin catalysts |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Energy Materials and Convergence Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 71-2, Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea;2. Jeju Global Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 200, Haemajihaean-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 695-971, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, CB3 0FS Cambridge, UK;2. Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Pace University, 1 Pace Plaza, New York, NY 10038, USA;3. Department of Physics, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA;1. The State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an 710072, China;2. Department of Applied Chemistry, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, China;1. School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China;2. The Collaborative Innovation Center of Manganese-Zinc-Vanadium Industrial Technology (The 2011 Plan of Hunan Province), Jishou, Hunan 416000, China;3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China;1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China;2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China |
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| Abstract: | We report for the first time the synthesis of carbon nanofilaments using intermetallic Cu–Sn catalysts. The synthesis was achieved by the catalytic decomposition of C2H2 over a mixture of SnO2 and CuO particles. Also, we have investigated the effect of synthesis conditions on the morphology of carbon nanofilaments and the role of Cu–Sn catalysts in the growth mechanism. The weight ratio of SnO2 and CuO determined the phase of the Cu–Sn intermetallic compound. Favorable growth of carbon nanofilaments was observed at a weight ratio of approximately 1:2, which induces the formation of intermetallic Cu41Sn11 nanostructures. Structures observed at different synthesis pressures and temperatures included carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and catalyst-filled CNTs. This morphological change of carbon nanofilaments was because of the change in C2H2 concentration in the reactor and the phase change of the Cu41Sn11 nanostructures. The observation of the growth of carbon nanofilament with increasing synthesis time confirmed the evolution of intermetallic Cu41Sn11 catalysts and the tip-growth mechanism of carbon nanofilaments. This synthesis methodology could be extended for similar syntheses using Sn-based alloy catalysts and direct growth of carbon nanofilaments on 3D substrates such as carbon fiber papers and a Cu foam, showing its potential for practical applications. |
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