电致形状记忆复合材料研究进展

从宏观与微观两个角度对电致形状记忆复合材料的形状记忆过程及机理进行阐述，详述了基于不同导电填料如纳米颗粒、连续纤维、短切纤维以及复合填料的电致形状记忆复合材料研究现状及其物理共混、原位聚合、冷冻干燥等制备方法。从均匀的导体单元、导体与基体之间的接口黏结以及导电网络结构等3个方面分析了电致形状记忆复合材料的导电机理并从微观结构上对纳米级的导电网络以及离子通道现象进行了概述。详细介绍了其在航空航天、生物医疗、纺织领域、电子半导体等领域的最近研究工作，并展望了电致形状记忆复合材料发展前景。

Research progress in electro?active shape memory composite materials

The shape memory process and mechanisms of electro?active shape memory composites were introduced from macro to micro perspectives. The classification and research of electro?active shape memory composites were summarized based on different conductive fillers， including nanoparticles， continuous fibers， short?cut fibers， and composite fillers. The preparation methods including physical compounding， in?situ polymerization， and freeze?drying were analyzed briefly. The electrically induced shape memory composites were introduced according to their conductive mechanisms from three aspects of homogeneous conductor units， interface bonding between conductor and substrate， and conductive network structure. An overview on the phenomena of nanoscale conductive networks and ion channels in the microstructure was presented. Finally， the applications of electro?active shape memory composite materials in aerospace， biomedicine， smart textiles， and electronic semiconductors were discussed and their future development direction was prospected.