真空绝热板的热工性能及其在冷藏集装箱上的应用

真空绝热板是一种超绝热保温材料，其热导率是常规保温材料的1/3～1/10。本文阐述了真空绝热板的隔热机理，通过实验分析了影响真空绝热板保温性能的关键因素——芯材的预处理及抽真空压力，经过预处理的芯材在10Pa真空压力下密封，可以达到并维持显著的绝热效果。我校研制的真空绝热板，其热导率在0.01 W• m^-1•K^-1以下，将其应用于冷藏集装箱，可以大大降低冷藏集装箱的漏热量，减少能耗达26.82%以上，同时增加冷藏集装箱的载货量，提高其经济性。

Thermal property of vacuum insulated panels and their application to refrigerated containers

Vacuum insulated panels are distinguished by their outstandingly low thermal conductivity，which is approximately 0.004—0.01 W• m^-1•K^-1，only 33% to 10% of that of the traditional heat preservation materials.The heat preservation mechanism of vacuum insulated panels is elaborated in the study，and the key elements that relate to the thermal property of vacuum insulated panels are analyzed，which include the pretreatment of core materials and the vacuum pressure.With time passing，the thermal conductivity of the VIPs can maintain a low value when pre-treated.The thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulated panel made in our lab were below 0.01 W• m^-1•K^-1.By analysis and calculation，with this kind of VIPs applied to refrigerated containers，its exciting properties can not only meet the intensity requirement，enlarge the ship load due to its thin thermal insulation layers，but can also save energy consumption by more than 26.82% compared with traditional heat preservation materials.