铁碳微电解处理印染废水的效能及机理研究

针对印染废水色度高、成分复杂、难降解等问题，利用铁碳微电解工艺处理该废水，提高其可生化性和处理效率。考察初始pH、铁投加量、铁/碳质量比及反应时间对工艺的影响，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、红外光谱、X射线能谱（EDS）及X射线衍射（XRD）分析反应前后铁碳结构的变化，采用Zeta电位和紫外可见光谱等对比废水处理前后有机物成分的变化，探究印染废水的降解机理。结果表明：在初始pH为4、铁投加量为80 g/L、铁/碳质量比为0.8及反应时间为90 min时，COD、浊度、色度、氨氮和TOC去除率分别为75.48%、87.88%、75.34%、92.01%和81.09%。反应前铁碳反应器的成分以Fe、C为主，活性炭的孔隙结构发达，反应后铁碳表面附着Al、K等其他金属物质和铁的氢氧化物絮体。铁碳微电解工艺可降解酯、醇类有机物为小分子物质，提高废水可生化性。

Study on efficiency and mechanism of iron-carbon microelectrolysis treatment of dyeing wastewater

Aiming at the problems of high chroma, complex composition, and difficult degradation of printing and dyeing wastewater, the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process is used to treat the wastewater to improve its biodegradability and treatment efficiency. The effect of initial pH, iron dosage, iron/carbon mass ratio and reaction time on the treatment efficiency of dyeing wastewater was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to analyze the changes in the compositions of iron and carbon before and after the treatment of dyeing wastewater. Zeta potential and UV-Vis spectra were used to compare the changes of organic matter before and after wastewater treatment, and the degradation mechanism of dyeing wastewater was explored. Under the initial pH 4, the iron dosage of 80 g/L, the iron-carbon molar ratio of 0.8 and the reaction time of 90 min, the removal efficiencies of COD, turbidity, chroma, ammonia nitrogen and TOC were 75.48%, 87.88%, 75.34%, 92.01% and 81.09%, respectively. Before the treatment of dyeing wastewater, the composition of the iron-carbon reactor was mainly composed of iron and carbon, and the pore structure of the activated carbon was developed. After the reaction, the surface of the iron carbon adhered to other metal substances such as Al, K and the hydroxide flocs of iron. The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process can degrade esters, alcohols and organic substances, decompose macromolecular substances and improve the biodegradability of wastewater.