稀土铈基催化材料氧空位的表征方法综述

氧空位（oxygen vacancy, Ov）是金属氧化物缺陷的一种，在多相催化、储能材料、能源化工等众多领域都发挥着重要的作用，因而关于其在理论和实验方面的研究都得到了广泛关注。以稀土CeO₂这一广泛应用于能源、环境等领域的催化材料为例，简单归纳了一些氧空位检测的常用表征方法，包括拉曼(Raman)、电子顺磁共振(EPR)、正电子湮没能谱(PALS)、固体核磁(ss-NMR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描隧道显微镜(STM)等，同时对各种表征方法的结果分析进行了举例说明。在此基础上，对氧空位表征技术未来的发展方向提出了一些看法。希望可以对稀土铈基催化材料缺陷相关的表征及研究提供支持。

Review on characterization methods of oxygen vacancy in rare earth cerium-based catalysts

Oxygen vacancy (Ov) is a kind of metal oxide defect, and plays an important role in many fields such as heterogeneous catalysis, energy storage materials, energy and chemical industry, its research on theory and experiment has received extensive attention. We take the rare earth CeO₂, a catalytic material widely used in energy, environment and other fields as an example, and briefly summarize some common characterization methods for the detection of oxygen vacancy, such as Raman, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), positron annihilation lifetime spectra (PALS), solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ss-NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning tunneling microscope (STM), etc. The analysis of various characterization results is also illustrated by examples. On this basis, some opinions on the future development of oxygen vacancy characterization technology are proposed. It is hoped that it can provide support for the characterization and research of defects related to rare earth cerium-based catalytic materials.