热负荷对R141b热力学排气系统自增压特性及排气损失的影响

为了研究低温推进剂在轨贮存技术所涉及的基本科学问题，在以R141b为气液相变储存介质的室温温区热力学排气系统（TVS）模拟装置上，进行了“漏热”功率分别为120、160和200 W的储箱压力控制实验研究。获得了TVS作用下的储箱增压特性，3种热负荷下自增压速率分别为6.43、12.92和18.05 kPa·h^-1。将采用TVS方法与定期直接放空法控制储箱压力产生的工质损失进行了对比，以其中热负荷120 W工况为例，采用TVS方法可减少工质损失79.3%。若是处于气液不分离的在轨微重力环境中，以直接放空时气体中夹带40%液体计，采用TVS方法可减少工质损失84.7%，验证了TVS方法在控制储箱压力方面的优越性。

Effect on self-pressurization characteristics and mass loss of thermodynamic vent system for refrigerant R141b by heat load

In order to study the fundamental problems involved in the storage of cryogens in space, the experimental investigation of tank pressure control was carried out on a simulator of thermodynamic vent system (TVS), which works at room temperature with refrigerant R141b as working fluid. The pressure control characteristics were obtained at heat load of 120, 160 and 200 W. The test results showed that the self-pressurization rate were 6.43, 12.92 and 18.05 kPa·h^-1 respectively at those three different heat load. Mass loss as a result of tank pressure control was compared between TVS method and direct gas vent method. Taking the heat load of 120 W as an example, the mass loss can be reduced by 79.3%. Assuming the mixture vented directly at zero-gravity containing 40% liquid, the TVS method can reduce the mass loss even by up to 84.7%. It was proved that the TVS method cannot only control the tank pressure but also significantly reduce the loss of the storage fluid.