Microstructure characterisation of ceramics via 2D and 3D X-ray refraction techniques |
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| Affiliation: | 1. BAM, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany;2. University of Potsdam, Institute for Physics and Astronomy, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-26, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;1. University of Tabriz, Faculty of Physics, Tabriz, Iran;2. University of Tabriz, Faculty of Chemistry, Tabriz, Iran;1. Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Jena University, Fraunhoferstr. 6, 07743 Jena, Germany;2. Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikrostruktur von Werkstoffen und Systemen IMWS, Walter-Hülse-Straße 1, 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany;1. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Distr., 141980, Russia;2. Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, АZ1143, Azerbaijan;3. Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1784, Bulgaria;4. Georgi Nadjakov Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1784, Bulgaria;5. Yeditepe University, Physics Department, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey;6. Institute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100214, Uzbekistan;7. The Institute of Nuclear Physics, 050032, Almaty, Kazakhstan;8. Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam;9. Department of Physics, Busitema University, P.O. Box 236, Tororo, Uganda;10. Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;1. NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44135, United States;2. University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States;3. East Central University, Ada, OK 74820, United States |
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| Abstract: | 3D imaging techniques are very fashionable nowadays, and allow enormous progress in understanding ceramic microstructure, its evolution, and its link to mechanical, thermal, and transport properties. In this feature article, we report the use of a powerful, yet not so wide-spread, set of X-ray techniques based on refraction effects. X-ray refraction allows determining internal specific surface (surface per unit volume) in a non-destructive fashion, position and orientation sensitive, and with a nanometric detectability. While the techniques are limited by the X-ray absorption of the material under investigation, we demonstrate showcases of ceramics and composite materials, where understanding of process parameter influence or simply of microstructural parameters could be achieved in a way unrivalled even by high-resolution techniques such as electron microscopy or computed tomography. |
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| Keywords: | X-ray refraction Porosity Specific surface Crack detection Composites |
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