Micro-structural study of Yaozhou celadons (Tang to Yuan Dynasty): probing crystalline and glassy phases |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of silicate cultural heritage, School of material science and engineering, Shaanxi key laboratory of green preparation and functionalization for inorganic materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 China;2. CNRS, CEMES, Toulouse University, 31055, Toulouse, France;1. School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, PR China;3. School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China;4. Research Institute of Meticulous Style Painting in Heavy Colors, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China;1. School of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics & Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China;2. Colorful Pottery Studio, Academician Workstation, Zibo, 255418, China;1. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, MONARIS umr8233, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France;2. School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD18 4JX, United Kingdom;3. Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, PO WITS, 2050, South Africa;4. Independent researcher, 287 Pleiades Ave, Waterkloof Ridge, Pretoria, 0181, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | The Yaozhou kiln complex is a representative production center of ancient northern China, famous for the celadon production. In this work, bubbles, glassy matrix and residual crystals of celadon glazes produced from the Tang to Yuan Dynasty were analyzed by using optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results revealed that the Song, Jin and Yuan productions present bigger bubble and higher area ratios of the Si-O bending over stretching modes than the Tang and Wudai productions. This is consistent with firings at higher temperatures during Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties. It is also in agreement with the historical studies, which revealed the change from wood-firing to coal-firing during Song Dynasty. The observation of calcium phosphate in Yaozhou productions indicated that the glaze ash had been used. No iron-based particle was identified by Raman spectroscopy in the glazes of all periods. The green color is certainly due to iron ion dispersed in the glassy matrix. Our study also confirmed no significant change in glaze raw materials used for Yaozhou productions from Tang to Yuan Dynasty. |
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| Keywords: | Cultural heritage material Yaozhou kiln Celadon Raman spectroscopy Microstructure Technological evolution |
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