岩层移动模拟研究中加载问题的探讨

基于岩层控制关键层理论，通过相似材料模拟实验及UDEC与FLAC数值模拟计算，对岩层移动模拟研究中将部分岩层省略，而代之以均布载荷作用在模型上部边界的作法所存在的问题及应遵循的原则进行了研究。结果表明，当简化为均布载荷的岩层中包含关键层时，将引起岩层载荷分布特征的改变，从而导致岩层破断距模拟结果的失真；只有主关键层上部的岩层可以简化为均布载荷，包含关键层时不能简化为均布载荷，其等值载荷与被省略岩体中关键层的位置及其破断特征有关。

Discussion on Loading Problem in Physical and Numerical Simulation of Strata Movement

Based on the key strata theory in ground control, the problem and principle of simplifying the overlying strata as uniform load on the top of the model in physical and numerical simulation of strata movement were discussed through physical modeling experiments and numerical simulation calculations using softwares UDEC and FLAC. The results show that if there exists a key stratum in the omitted strata, it will lead to the distortion of the distribution of load and the simulation result of key strata fracture interval to simplify these strata as uniform load. In that case, only the strata above the main key stratum can be simplified as uniform load, and the equivalent load to the omitted strata should be calculated on the basis of the key strata location in the omitted strata and its fracture characteristics.