岩(煤)壁中滑移裂纹扩展的冲击矿压模型

大量的研究表明，冲击矿压是由岩（煤）壁附近的剥离薄层的屈曲破坏而形成．运用断裂力学原理，分析了在岩（煤）壁附近压应力集中区内原生裂纹的亚临界扩展、贯通以及与自由表面的相互作用使裂纹沿最大压应力方向扩展，最终形成平行于自由表面的岩（煤）壁薄层的机理．建立了岩（煤）壁附近压裂纹的非时间相关和时间相关的２种滑移扩展方程，特别是与时间相关的亚临界扩展方程的建立，可使冲击矿压判据中引入时间参量．通过对裂纹未贯穿前的膨胀导致的自由面位移分析及薄层屈曲的能量计算，可为冲击矿压的预测预报提供新的理论依据．

Model of Rockburest for Extension of Slip Fracture in Palisades

A great many researches show that the rockburst is resulted from the buckling failure of thin layer separated from palisades. According to fracture mechanics, in the area of compression stress concentration nearby palisades subcritical extension and connection of primary fractures and interaction between free surfaces are analyzed. Thereby, fractures always extend to the place with maximum compression stress, and finally a thin layer of palisades parallel to the free surface is formed. This paper formulates two slip extension equations of compression fractures nearby palisades, one of which is relevant to time, and the other is not. Particularly the former can consider time in the occurrence condition of rockburst. Analyzing the displacements on the free surface caused by the fracture expanding before connection and the energy data from calculating the buckling of thin layer, we give a new theoretical base for the forecast of rockburst.