主成分分析法在煤矿塌陷水域水质评价的应用

定期对塌陷水域水质进行综合评价,帮助相关部门及时掌握水体水质状况,为保护和开发塌陷水域水体提供科学的基础资料。采用主成分分析法对淮南潘集杨庄塌陷水域4月份的水质进行了评价,选取COD、高锰酸盐指数、总磷、总氮、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、Cd、Cr（Ⅵ）、Zn、Pb、Cu 11个指标进行分析,借助统计分析软件SPSS,矩阵计算软件Matlab,使计算结果更加精确,可靠。根据综合评价函数得分结果表明,杨庄塌陷水域4月份水质状况处于Ⅲ类～Ⅳ类之间,以Ⅲ类水质为主,主要受到总磷、总氮、硝酸盐氮污染与重金属Pb的污染,这与塌陷水域的实际情况相符合。证实主成分分析方法能够真实、客观、淮确地评价水体的现实状况,是一种有效的水质评价方法。

Application of Principal Component Analysis in Evaluation of Water Quality in Mining Subsidence

Comprehensive evaluation of water quality in subsidence on a regular basis helps the relevant depart- ments to timely hold water quality conditions, which provides the scientific foundamental data for protection and development of the water area. By using principal component analysis water quality for April from subsidence of Panji Yangzhuang was evaluated. 11 indicators were selected and analyzed such as COD, permanganate index, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, Cd, Cr （VI）, Zn, Pb and Cu, because of using statistical analysis software SPSS and matrix computation software Maflab, the calculation results are more accurate and reliable. The result score from comprehensive evaluation function showes that the water quality from Yangzhuang subsidence for April is between category III and IV, category III dominates, which primarily due to total phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen pollution and Pb pollution. This is consistent with the actual sit- uation of the waters in subsidence. It＇ s confirmed that the principal component analysis can objectively, accu- rately evaluste reality of the water, and is an effective method of water quality evaluation.