杭州湾-长江口海域岸线变化对杭州湾潮汐特征的影响

基于非结构化网格有限体积海洋模型（FVCOM），建立杭州湾海域高分辨率三维水动力数值模型，模拟结果与观测数据吻合较好.采用1974年、2005年和2016年代表年份的岸线数据建立模型，研究杭州湾海域长时间、大区域的岸线变化对其水动力特征的影响.结果显示，1974-2016年，杭州湾M2分潮振幅增大的幅度从金山到尖山逐渐增加，M4分潮振幅在尖山附近增加最大；潮能通量在金山到澉浦之间减小最大；尖山断面和杭州湾口涨潮占优趋势增加，乍浦断面和金山断面之间涨潮占优趋势减弱.岸线缩窄通过影响浅化效应和底部耗散项，影响杭州湾分潮振幅、相位及潮汐不对称等潮汐特征.

Impacts of coastline changes of Hangzhou Bay-Changjiang Estuary on tidal dynamics in Hangzhou Bay

The impacts of coastline changes on tidal dynamics in Hangzhou Bay were examined using the finite volume community ocean model (FVCOM). The modeled results matched well with the observation. Numerical tests were designed to examine the changes of hydrodynamics due to changes of coastlines in 1974, 2005, and 2016. Simulation showed that the increase of M2 amplitude gradually increased from Jinshan to Jianshan. The maximum increase of M4 amplitude occurred near Jianshan. The maximum decrease of tidal energy flux occurred between Jinshan to ganpu.The flood dominance was amplified at the mouth of bay and near Jianshan station, but dampened between Zhapu and Jinshan. The changes of coastline modified the tidal amplitude, phase and tidal asymmetry through affecting shoaling effect and bottom dissipation.