政策约束下的制造商与再制造商生产决策分析

在由一个制造商和一个再制造商构成的市场中，考虑消费者对于制造商的新产品、再制造产品以及再制造商的再制造产品都有着不同支付意愿的情形下，研究立法机构在制定制造商应回收处理新产品最低比例的约束情形时，对于企业收益、消费者剩余、环境效益以及社会福利的影响。研究表明，回收比例升高，会降低制造商新产品产量并提高其价格。同时，提高回收比例也可能会降低市场上的再制造产品数量。此外，环境效益与最低回收目标正相关。数值分析表明，当消费者对于再制造产品的支付意愿越高时，则社会福利越高。通过与回收基金政策进行对比，制定最低回收率对环境效益提高作用更显著。

Manufacturer and Remanufacturer Production Decisions Analysis under Policy Constraints

In a market consisting of both manufacturer and remanufacturer, consumers have different willingness to pay for new and remanufactured products from manufacturer and remanufactured products from remanufacturer. Against this backdrop, a study is conducted on the impacts of legislation on corporate profits, consumer surplus, environmental benefit and social welfare when formulating the constraint situation that the manufacturer should recycle the minimum proportion of new products. The results have shown that recycling rates tend to be strict, reducing manufacturer’s new product yields and increasing their prices. At the same time, the increasing recycling ratio may result in fewer remanufactured products on the market. In addition, environmental benefits are positively related to minimum recovery targets. Numerical analysis illustrates that the higher the social consumer’s willingness to pay for remanufactured products, the better the social welfare. By comparing with the recycling fund policy, the minimum recovery rate has a more significant effect on the improvement of environmental benefits.