高岭石声化学插层的XRD研究

以乙二醇、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜及双氧水/冰醋酸等为插层剂,采用声化学法对高岭石进行了插层研究,考察了插层剂种类对高岭石插层率的影响.在此基础上,重点研究了以二甲基亚砜作为插层剂的情况下超声波功率、插层时间及插层剂的质量分数等工艺因素对插层率的影响,并采用XRD分析方法测试了高岭石的插层效率.结果表明：二甲基亚砜作为插层剂时插层率最高,插层率可达100%,二甲基甲酰胺和乙二醇次之,双氧水/冰醋酸插层率最低,插层率仅为14.9%.以二甲基亚砜为插层剂时,随着超声功率的增大,插层率先升高后降低;随着插层时间的延长,插层率呈增长趋势,而二甲基亚砜的质量分数对插层率的影响不大.在二甲基亚砜质量分数为75%、超声功率为300W、插层时间为2h的条件下,插层率达到100%,高岭石层间距从0.71nm被有效增大到1.10nm.

XRD RESEARCH ON INTERCALATION OF KAOLINITE BY A SONOCHEMICAL PROCESS

Kaolite was intercalated by a sonochemical process using glycol,dimethyl formamide,dimethyl sulphoxide and hydrogen peroxide/acetic acid as intercalator.The effect of intercalator type on intercalation efficiency was researched.Base on this research,the influences of ultrasonic power,intercalation time and intercalator mass concentration on the intercalation efficiency were particularly investigated.Intercalation efficiency was tested by XRD analyses.Results show that intercalation efficiency reaches the maximum value 100% when using dimethyl sulphoxide as intercalator,secondly is dimethyl formamide and glycol.Intercalation efficiency arrives to the lowest value 14.9% when using peroxide/acetic as intercalator.When using dimethyl sulphoxide as intercalator,with the increase of ultrasonic power,intercalation efficiency firstly increase and then decrease;intercalation efficiency increase with the increase of intercalated time.Mass concentration of dimethyl sulphoxide has little effect on the intercalation efficiency.intercalation efficiency will reach 100% when dimethyl sulphoxide mass concentration reaches 75%,ultrasonic power is 300 W and intercalation time is 2 h.And the interlayer distance of kaolinite is effectively increased from 0.71 nm to 1.10 nm.