深海带电插拔连接器力学特性分析

以水下7 000 m工况的深海带电插拔连接器为研究对象,旨在获得湿插拔连接器在深海双重高压下的受力特性和插拔过程中的动密封性能。介绍连接器的插头结构与压力补偿技术;推导压力补偿器工作容积的计算公式;运用Ansys Workbench建立插头内壳体组件与插孔组件的动密封有限元模型,对内壳体、压力平衡膜及内胆进行强度计算;分析由连接器插拔引起的平衡膜内外瞬时压差对膜的应力分布及变形情况;讨论密封件径向压缩量、密封接触面摩擦因数、插拔速度对插拔过程中动密封性能的影响。结果表明:插头插合时,平衡膜外表面应力基本不变,其变形减小;拔出时,平衡膜外表面的应力及变形都逐渐增大。密封件之间的接触压力受密封接触面过盈配合量的影响明显,增大过盈配合量可显著提高动密封区域的接触压力及密封性能,同时也会加剧密封件失效的可能性,密封接触面的摩擦因数、插拔速度对接触压力的影响则较小。

Mechanical characteristics for deep sea wet-mate electrical connectors

A deep-sea and wet-mate electrical connector at 7 000 meters underwater was chosen as the research subject, aiming at obtaining the mechanical characteristics and dynamic sealing performance of the wet-mate connector under the condition of deep-sea double high pressure. The plug structure and pressure compensation technology of the connector were introduced and a calculation formula of the working volume of the pressure compensator was derived. Finite element models of plug's inner shell component and jack component's dynamic sealing were established by using the software Ansys Workbench, and the strength of the inner shell, pressure balance membrane and inner tank was calculated. The stress distribution and deformation of the membrane under the action of instantaneous pressure difference caused by the connector's wet-mate operation between the inside and outside of the balance membrane were analyzed. The effects of the seal component's radial compression, sealing contact surface's friction coefficient and wet-mate speed on dynamic sealing performance during the wet-mate operation were discussed. The results showed that when the plug was inserted, the stress on the outer surface of the balance membrane was almost unchanged, and its deformation was decreased; when the plug was pulled out, the stress and deformation on the outer surface of the balance membrane were gradually increased. The contact pressure between seal components was obviously affected by the interference fit of the sealing contact surface. Increasing the interference fit could significantly improve the contact pressure and sealing performance of the dynamic sealing area, but also exacerbate the possibility of seal component's failure. The sealing contact surface's friction coefficient and wet-mate speed had little influence on the contact pressure.