吉林市城区大气污染物浓度演变特征及其与气象因素关系

为了解吉林市大气环境现状，利用2014~2018年吉林市城区7个国控环境空气质量监测站点的CO、SO2、NO2、O3（O3-8h）、PM2.5和PM10质量浓度监测数据以及2018年逐时气象数据，采用相关分析法和应用统计法分析了大气污染物的质量浓度变化特征以及各污染物浓度与气象因素的相关性。研究结果表明：吉林市2014~2018年来SO2、NO2、PM10、PM2.5年均浓度总体呈下降趋势，O3浓度有上升趋势；PM10、PM2.5和O3浓度有超标现象，说明其为吉林市主要大气污染物；同一污染物浓度在不同季节、月份、和时刻具有明显的变化特征，可以根据变化规律采用错峰生产的方式改善环境空气质量；气象因素与污染物浓度之间的有较好的相关性，其中O3浓度与温度、湿度、风速均呈现高度相关性，NO2浓度与风速高度负相关；气象因素对CO、NO2、O3、PM10和PM2.5浓度的重要程度均为：风速 > 大气压 > 湿度 > 温度；降水对PM10和PM2.5浓度具有一定的削减作用，当降水量较大时，削减作用明显。本研究结果可为吉林市大气污染治理和环境容量研究提供一定的数据支撑。

Variation Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants Concentrations and Its Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Urban Area of Jilin City

In order to well know the current situation of atmospheric environment in Jilin City, correlation analysis method and applied statistical method were used to analyze the change characteristics of air pollutant mass concentration, and the correlation between pollutant concentration and meteorological factors, based on the monitoring data of CO, SO2, NO2, O3 (O3-8h), PM2.5 and PM10 from 7 ambient air quality monitoring stations in Jilin City from 2014 to 2018, and hourly meteorological data in 2018. The results show that: from 2014 to 2018, the annual average concentrations of SO2, NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 has showed a downward trend, while the concentration of O3 has been increasing in Jilin City, the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and O3 were occasionally higher than the national standard, indicating that they are the main air pollutants in Jilin City; the pollutant concentration varied from seasons, months and times, therefore, stagger production time according to the change law can improve ambient air quality; meteorological factors were correlative with pollutant concentrations, in which O3 concentrations was highly correlated with temperature, humidity and wind speed, and NO2 was highly negatively correlated with wind speed; the importance of meteorological factors to concentrations of CO, NO2, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 displays wind speed > atmospheric pressure > humidity > temperature; precipitation can reduce the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5, and the reduce effect was more obvious with increasing precipitation. The results of the current study can provide the data support for a further study of air pollution control and environmental capacity in Jilin City.