嘉陵江与长江交汇水流顶托效应特性研究

干支河流交汇是河流水系发育与演化的重要形式，在河流交汇区常发生水流顶托现象。水流顶托显著影响着干支流交汇区水位、水面比降及床面切应力特性，从而制约着交汇区水沙运动特性及河床演变过程。本文以嘉陵江与长江交汇区为例，基于实测资料与不同组合干支来流的数值模拟结果，突出分析了不同干支来流条件下典型区域水位、水面比降及床面切应力变化特性，结果表明嘉陵江对长江的顶托作用随汇流比的增大而增大，长江上游水面比降随汇流比增大而减小，床面切应力随汇流比增大而减小。

Study on the Backwater Effects on Flow Characteristics at Confluence Zone Between Jialing River and Yangtze River

River confluences are key features of channel evolution and its process, where complex interrelationships, sediment transport and flow structure occurs. Lots of factors such as river geometry and flow-sediment conditions always affect the hydraulic characteristics in confluence zone, this study aimed at exploring effects of discharge ratio between main channel and branch channel on the flow characteristics including the water elevation, flow slope and bed shear stress at confluence zone between Jialing River and Yangtze River based on the observational data and numerical simulation by means of Surface Water Modeling System (SMS). The results indicated that water elevation upstream Yangtze River rose with the increasing of discharge ratio, both surface slope and bed shear stress decreased.