松散边坡演化特征及其应用

用单面坡沙堆作为松散边坡的简化模型，研究松散边坡的演化规律和复杂性。认为松散边坡自发地向临界状态演化，其演化特征表现为两种不同的动力学行为：对于颗粒均匀的松散边坡，其大规模的坍塌呈现准周期分布，而颗粒不均匀的松散边坡，坍塌的规模服从幂律分布，出现自组织临界性。据此提出，颗粒均匀的松散边坡，可以利用其平均周期和大规模坍塌的平均值进行预报，采用安全系数法进行防治工程设计；而对于颗粒不均匀的松散边坡，目前还难于进行预测预报，采用可靠性方法防治工程进行设计。

Evolution Features and Application of Loose Slope

A sand-pile with one slope is used as simplification pattern of a loose slope.The evolution feature and complexity of a loose slope is analyzed.It is thought that the loose slope itself evolves towards the critical state,and the evolution features present two kinds of different kinetics actions:for uniform-granule loose slope,its large scale avalanches obeying quasi-cycle distribution,for non-uniform-granule loose slope,its avalanches obeying power-law distribution,and arising self-organization criticality as well.It is proposed in view of the above observations that for uniform-granule loose slope,mean cycle and average of large scale avalanches may be utilized to forecast,and safety coefficient method may be adoped to protection design; for non-uniform-granule loose slope,it is difficult to forecast,and the reliability design method may be adoped to protection design.