河流景观生态环境需水量计算方法研究

在总结了国内外生态环境需水量研究的现状的基础上,针对水资源丰富地区景观河流的景观与生态的保持,提出了景观生态环境需水量计算方法.景观生态环境需水量是维持河流与其水文周边景观生态系统的结构和功能的完整性不受破坏所需的水量.在计算景观生态环境需水量时,首先通过研究一定时期内的河流生物相与河道湿周的关系,确定河流水域空间大小与河流生态系统的关系,再通过选取确定关键断面,查阅历史资料,确定该断面水位与下游周边景观的关系,统计计算该断面的水位与流量关系,最终确定下游景观与关键断面流量的关系.最后,采用权重--属性决策分析的方法确定适当的景观生态环境需水量.为了说明以上观点,以漓江为例,计算了漓江的景观生态环境需水量.

Study on Calculation Method of Ecological Water Demand for the Landscape

In this paper, the current situation on the study of water required for ecology and environment is summarized aiming at the maintenance of the view and ecology of landscape river in the affluent water area, to bring forward the calculation method of water required for ecology and environment of landscape. The authors put forward a point of view that the water required for ecology and environment of landscape is the water to keep the integrity of structure and function of river ecology and circumjacent landscape. In calculation of the water required for ecology and environment of landscape, firstly, the relation of river creature posture and wade wet cycle during some period should be studied to ensure the relation of water area dimension and river ecology system. Secondly, a key cross section is chosen to estimate the relation of water level and downstream landscape through referring to historical data, compute the relation of water level and runoff and it can fix on the relation of downstream landscape and water level at a key cross section. Finally, the authors adopt a method of mace-attribute decision-making analysis to make sure appropriate water required for ecology and environment of landscape. For the sake of explaining above point of view, this paper gives an example of calculation of water required for ecology and environment of landscape for Lijiang River.