城市内河底泥与上覆水的污染物相互关系试验研究

针对福州市晋安区水系5个点位的河道底泥与其上覆水，开展有机质、总氮总磷、重金属污染物含量试验，采用分配系数定义底泥污染物和水中污染物的浓度比值，通过有机质、总氮总磷、重金属污染物的分配系数分析底泥其与上覆水中污染物的关联性，导入分配系数标准差与相关系数的关系，探讨底泥与上覆水污染物的关联度，进而明确其关键影响因素。结果表明：不同污染物在底泥与其上覆水中的分配比重不同，上覆水与底泥中污染物的相关系数差异较大，污染物分配系数越稳定，底泥与其上覆水中污染物的相关性越高；底泥中黏粒含量、有机质含量及塑性指数对污染物分配系数具有显著影响，污染物分配系数均随底泥黏粒含量的增加而增大，重金属分配系数随着底泥有机质含量的增加而增大；有机质分配系数与总氮分配系数随塑性指数的增大大致呈增大趋势，各重金属分配系数的对数值与底泥塑性指数之间具有良好的线性关系。

Experimental study on relationship between pollutants of sediment and overlying water in urban river

A series of pollutant content tests of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals were performed on the river sediment and overlying water obtained from five sites in Jin''an District, Fuzhou. Partition coefficient was introduced to study the correlation of pollutants between the river sediment and overlying water. The correlation of pollutans between sediment and overlying water was analyzed by the distribution coefficients of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals. Then, introduced the relationship between the standard deviation of partition coefficient and correlation coefficient, discussed the correlation between pollutants in sediment and overlying water, and clarified its key influencing factors. The results show that the partition proportion of different pollutants in sediment and overlying water is different, and the correlation coefficient between pollutants in overlying water and sediment is quite different. The more stable the pollutant distribution coefficient is, the higher the correlation is with the pollutants in the overlying water. The clay content, organic matter content and plasticity index of sediment have a significant impact on the pollutant partition coefficient. The pollutant partition coefficient increases with the increase of clay content in the sediment, and the heavy metal partition coefficient increases with the increase of organic matter content in the sediment. The partition coefficient of organic matter and total nitrogen show an increasing trend with the increase of plasticity index. There is a good linear relationship between the logarithm of heavy metal partition coefficient and the plasticity index of sediment.