区域建筑冷负荷预测中的朝向因素分析及转换

通过对建筑墙体受太阳辐射得热的特性分析，把墙体所受太阳直射辐射得热量进行等效分解，在此基础上建立了建筑朝向转换规则，并以上海地区2种不同长宽比的实际建筑进行模拟分析，得到实际建筑与转换后建筑的冷负荷对比曲线，模拟结果显示，转换后的虚拟建筑冷负荷与实际建筑冷负荷有很好的吻合，建筑朝向对冷负荷影响的实质即为不同朝向的墙体面积和窗体面积的改变，在预测区域建筑冷负荷时，可以应用转换规则，把区域内建筑转换为同一朝向建筑进行分析，减少了朝向因素对冷负荷的影响。

Parametric Analysis of Building Orientation in Forecasting Community Building Cooling Loads and It's Transformation Regulation

By parametric analysis of direct solar gain on building walls, equivalent decomposition was carried out for the direct solar gain. Upon this, building orientation transformation rules were proposed. Two types of buildings with different length-width ratio in Shanghai were taken as case studies with simulation. And comparison curves of different orientation between transformation ones and the formers were obtained. It was found that cooling loads of transformed buildings were in good agreement with those of real buildings, which implied that the essential of orientation's influence on cooling load was areas alteration of walls and windows in different orientations. By the transformation rules of building orientation, community buildings with different orientation can be transformed into those with the same orientation to predict community cooling loads, eliminating influences of the factor of building orientation.