单级自养脱氮反应器效能与微生物群落结构的相关性

于稳定运行但效能有明显差异的2套序批式生物膜反应器单级自养脱氮系统，研究了微生物群落结构的PCR—DGGE、real—timePCR等现代分子生物学特点及其运行效能与之的相关性。结果表明：运行效能好的反应器活性污泥及生物膜浓度较高，微生物群落结构差异较大，二者相似性为58．3％，溶解氧在活性污泥及生物膜内的分布特点为各类微生物及其代谢创造了良好环境，系统中好氧氨氧化菌AOB及厌氧氨氧化菌ANAMMOXz在数量上绝对占优，各类细菌的协同代谢使系统总氮去除率达到80％以上。运行效能相对较差的反应器，由于在反应器启动过程中没有将亚硝酸氧化菌NoB完全“洗脱”，系统中出现NO3-积累，且系统挂膜不理想，生物膜浓度低，生物膜与活性污泥微生物群落结构相似性为100％，优势功能菌单一，从而造成运行效能较低，总氮去除率仅为20％～30％。维持SBBR自养脱氮系统微生物群落结构的稳定及平衡性，生物膜是关键性因素。

Relationship Between Performance and Microbial Community Structure of the SBBR Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Process

PCR-DGGE and real-time PCR technologies were applied to analyze the relationship between operation efficiency and microbial community structure of the Sequence Batch Biofilm Reactor （SBBR） autotrophic nitrogen removal process. The reactor was possessed of a high nitrogen removal efficiency. And the similarity of microbial community structure between active sludge and biofilm samples was 58.3%. The features of DO distributing on active sludge and biofilm made an appropriate condition for different bacteria. Ammonium oxidation bacteria and anammox were the preponderant bacterium in reactor. And their co-metabolisms made TN removal rate reach to 90 % and 80 %, respectively. The reactor worked under a low efficiency with low concentration of biofilm. It is found that there is no much difference between biofilm and active sludge samples on the microbial community structure. The similarity reached and the variety of dominant bacteria was poor. Nitrite oxidation bacteria （NOB） were not ＂was during the set-up time that NOa was accumulated in this reactor. TN removal rate was only abou 30%.