大型载货汽车驾驶室与货厢间隙对气动力特性的影响

以简化的大型载货汽车模型GTS为研究对象,采用RNGk-ε湍流模型和混合网格技术,分别模拟了气流流过驾驶室与货厢之间不同长度的间隙时产生的流场形态。通过分析不同间隙区域的流场形态分布和空气阻力系数的变化规律发现,间隙长度G≤55%时,对整车的气动力特性的影响较小;当G>55%时,气动力特性的变化对整车的影响逐步增大。同时研究发现,在GTS模型的驾驶室顶部加装导流罩可改善整车的气动力特性。

Effect of gap between driver cab and freight body of heavy-duty truck on its aerodynamic characteristic

The effects of the gap between the driver cab and the freight body of the heavy-duty truck on its aerodynamic characteristics were simulated by means of a simplified truck model ground transportation system(GTS) using the RNG k-ε turbulence model and hybrid mesh technique.Analysis of the simulated flow fields and the change pattern of the aerodynamic drag coefficients under different gap length demonstrate that when the gap length G≤55% the aerodynamic characteristics change a little,and when G>55% the change becomes larger and larger.The simulation also revealed that adding a cowl on the driver cab of the GTS model improves the aerodynamic characteristics of the truck.