黄河河口泥沙控制的模拟研究

为了深入研究河道治理和引渠设计等工程中的冲淤控制问题,根据泥沙冲淤的自组织特征,即河流所具有的冲刷与淤积间的反馈自调节机制,建立了河流网上泥沙输移的动力学模型.利用该模型通过调节输沙比例对黄河下游河道的减淤控制进行了数值模拟.分析表明,在清水期,干流河段的状态近似于稳态,此时可以通过调整某一支流的流量来减少下游的淤积;在由清水向浑水的过渡期,河流的冲淤状态处于瞬态,此时可以通过向位于开始淤积河段处的支流注入清水的办法,使下游河段由淤积转变为冲刷.该方法类似于近几年黄河上实施的调水调沙试验,即"大水冲刷,"但差别在于该方案是引清水,而调水调沙试验是加浑水.研究结果表明,针对不同时期的2种控制手段都能实现对下游河段的减淤增排,能够对相应的工程问题提供启示和借鉴.

Study of scouring-deposition control simulation of the Yellow River estuary

A dynamical model of the sediment transport river network is proposed by considering the characteristics of sediment scouring of deposition.In order to search a method to reduce the deposition in downstream reaches,we attempt to adjust the proportion of the transported sediment in our model.When it is in a lower-water season,all the river basin is at a relative steadier state,we attempt to adjust the flow of a certain tributary to reduce the deposition of the low reach.As it changes from the lower-water season to the higher-water one,the master stream section is at transient state,the state in the low reach can be transformed from depositing to scouring one via injecting rinsing(or seawater) into the segment bellow which the reach is in deposition state.