分布式水文模型在渭河流域水环境分析中的应用

在基于数字高程模型(DEM)的分布式水文物理模型基础上,将大流域划分为若干子流域,利用流域的地貌特征参数将子流域划分为汇流区间和山坡,模拟渭河流域的径流过程,分析径流形成机理,描述了网格单元的截留、蒸发量、下渗、地表径流、地下径流、融雪等水文物理过程,在每一个网格上用地形高程建立地表径流之间的关系.并与一维对流扩散水质模型相结合,根据已有年的相关资料进行了日径流过程及主要水质指标的模拟分析.结果表明,分布式水文模型与水质模型在渭河流域的耦合应用取得了良好的模拟效果.

Application of a distributed hydrological model for characterization of Weihe river basin

A digital elevation model(DEM)is used to define the target area,and the target basin is subdivided into a number of fundamental units for hydrological simulation.The catchment parameters related to topography,land use and soil are then calculated for each simulation unit.Geographical information defines the general structure of the distributed hydrological model.The study basin is divided into a discrete grid system,which is represented by a number of geometrically symmetrical hillslopes.The river network is divided into subcatchments of an appropriate size.The hydrological simulation part includes runoff generation from the hillslope and the flow routing in the river network.The GBHM(geomorphology based hydrological model)employs a flow-interval hillslope discretization scheme in the representation of hydrological processes using catchment geomorphologic properties.Furthermore,the paper also combined the water quality model of coupling with the survey values.The results show that the distributed hydrological model and integrated simulation is suitable for hydrology and quality change in the Weihe river basin.