新型非离子型反应性乳化剂的合成及其应用

马来酸酐与饱和脂肪醇酯化反应得到马来酸酐单酯羧酸;聚乙二醇和丙烯酸反应得到聚乙二醇丙烯酸单酯;二者在催化剂的作用下反应,得到马来酸酐-丙烯酸型的非离子型反应性乳化剂。进行提纯后,经红外鉴定目标产物,结构正确。将合成的反应性乳化剂用于St/MMA/BA的乳液聚合中,得到的苯丙乳液单体转化率为95.8%,凝胶率0.09%,固含量42.5%,粒径为80~100 nm。作为对比,将传统乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)应用到该聚合中,结果发现,由反应性乳化剂制的苯丙乳液的耐电解质稳定性和储存稳定性等得到较大提高。

Synthesis and Application of the New Nonionic Reactive Surfactant

The nonionic reactive surfactant was prepared with monododecyl maleate and mono-polyglycol acrylate.Monododecyl maleate was synthesized by using maleic anhydride and fatty alcohol,while mono-polyglycol acrylate was produced using poly(ethylene oxide) and crylic acid.The structure of reactive surfactant was confirmed by IR after purification.The surfactant was then applied in the semicontinuous polymerization of St/MMA/BA.The conversion of monomers was 95.8 %,the gel fraction was 0.09 %,the mass fraction of solid content of emulision was 42.5 %,and the particle size of latex was about 100 nm.A non-reactive surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) was also used for the polymerization.It was found that the latexes produce by using the reactive surfactant have a better dispersion stability at high electrolyte concentration.