汶川大地震钢筋混凝土框架结构震害调查

通过对四川汶川地震灾区钢筋混凝土框架结构建筑物震后破坏形态的调研，可将破坏形态分为结构性损害和非结构性损害两类。结构性损害又可分为倒塌、框架底层破坏、局部垮塌、柱端破坏、错层短柱破坏、柱子中间破坏以及鞭稍效应和施工不良引起的破坏。框架柱柱端在地震作用下出现塑性铰是框架破坏、垮塌和倾斜的主要原因。非结构破坏主要包括围护结构和填充墙的开裂、错位和倒塌。增设拉接筋、构造柱和水平系梁等措施可有效防止非结构破坏。

A report on the damages of RC frame structures in great Wenchuan Earthquake

From the seismic hazard investigation of RC frame structures in great Wenchuan Earthquake,damage forms of the structures can be divided into structural damages and non-structural damages.Structural damages can be further divided into monolithic collapse,bottom floor destroy of frames,local collapse,pillars end failure,split floor short pillars failure,median failure of pillars,and some failure caused by structural whiplash effect or bad construction.The major reason of frames failure,collapse and cant is the appearance of plastic hinges in frame pillar ends under earthquake load.Non-structural damages mainly include the crack,misplacement and collapse of space enclosing structures and filler walls.The non-structural damages can be prevented by setting additional tensile steel bars,constructional columns and horizontal affiliation beams.