矿区煤矸石淋溶对周边地下水环境污染分析

为了研究煤矸石中重金属元素对环境的污染情况,在河南巩义市内某煤矿区采集了煤矸石及周边浅层地下水样品。采用淋溶试验法及电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分析测定了煤矸石及地下水中部分重金属元素的含量。结果表明:该地区煤矸石中元素Cr和Pb的含量较高;堆放在地表煤矸石随着时间的延长,淋溶出煤矸石中的元素总量随之增高,但溶出趋势各异;塌陷区的浅层地下水中除Cr和Sr元素外,其它元素的含量均高于非塌陷区对应的元素;塌陷区浅层地下水样品中Cr、Cu元素以及非塌陷区浅层地下水样品中Cr元素的含量偏高,分别为17.6、59.4和22.8 g/L。根据元素淋溶规律,对比塌陷区与非塌陷区元素含量,推断塌陷区浅层地下水中Cu和Pb元素值较高与矸石山有关。

Environmental pollution of surrounding groundwater from coal gangue leaching in mining area

In order to investigate the environmental pollution of heavy metals in coal gangue, samples of the coal gangue and shallow groundwater in surrounding areas were collected in Gongyi City, Henan Province. The coal gangue samples were treated by leaching experiment first. Then the contents of metallic elements in groundwater and treated coal gangue leaching water samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the contents of Cr and Pb were high in coal gangue, and the amount of the metallic elements increased as the coal gangue stacking over time with variable dissolution trends. The contents of most metallic elements in shallow groundwater were higher in the collapsed area than in the non-collapsed area, except for Cr and Sr. The contents of Cr and Cu in shallow groundwater samples from collapsed area, and Cr from non-collapsed area were high, as 17.6, 59.4 and 22.8 g/L, respectively. Based on the leaching characteristics, and comparison between the contents of metallic elements in the collapsed and non-collapsed areas, we suggested that the high contents of Cu and Pb in shallow groundwater in collapsed area were closely related to the coal gangue dump.