实验数据的表征与不确定度方法的应用

实验数据是检验科研成果的基本依据,实验数据正确合理的表征是科研成果交流、传承、发展的必须.实验数据合理(科学)表征中有效数字的概念及其在数据处理中的应用随着计算水平的进步已经逐渐显示出它的局限性,其适用范围也在变化.当今人类对实验数据特性和内涵的认识不断深入,计算机的发展和普及极大地提高了人类的计算水平,现代不确定度方法的提出及其推广应用,为实验数据的合理表征提供了更加科学的理论依据,也为国际间科学技术交流、相互比较、相互利用提供了基准.

Experimental data characterization and the application of modern approach of degree of uncertainty in laboratory

The achievements of scientific research are examined basically by experimental data.Reasonable characterization of these data is essential for the exchange, impartment and development of those achievements. With the progress of calculation, the notion of significant digits in reasonable characterization of experimental data and its application in data processing has gradually shown its limitation.The applied scale of signficant digits is changing as well. At present, the understanding of the features and connotation of experimental data is getting thorough,and the development of computer has greatly increased calculation capacity of human beings. The application of the modern approach of degree of uncertainty provides more scientific theory for experimental data characterization and provides standard for international exchange of science and technology.