重庆三峡库区非点源污染来源分析及负荷计算

通过2000年统计资料,分析了重庆三峡库区农村生活污水、固体废弃物、化肥流失、农药流失、畜禽养殖、水土流失、城市径流等污染源对非点源污染物COD、NH3-N、TN、TP的贡献。运用RUSLE模拟计算颗粒态污染负荷并结合溶解态污染负荷,估算入库非点源污染总负荷。得出库区颗粒态N负荷(占TN的50.1%)与溶解态N负荷(占TN的49.9%)相当;颗粒态P负荷(占TP的58.0%)略大于溶解态P负荷(占TP的42.0%)。该方法给湖泊、水库等水体底质再悬浮与释放溶解态N、P的迁移研究提供了计算颗粒态污染负荷和溶解态污染负荷的简洁方法。

Pollutant Source Analysis and Pollution Loads Estimation from Non-point Source in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region

According to the statistics of Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region in 2000,this paper analyzes the affecting factors,including rural domestic waste,solid waste,fertilizer run off,pesticide run off,poultry and livestock farm,soil erosion,surface flow of the city,and their contribution to COD,NH3-N,TN,TP of non-point source pollutant.Furthermore,according to the pollution loads of dissolved form and pollution loads of particulate form by using RUSLE simulation and calculation,the total pollution loads of non-point source in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Region are estimated.It concluded that the particulate form N loadings(50.1% of TN) is almost equal to dissolved form N loadings(49.9% of TN);but the particulate form P loadings(58.0% of the total phosphorus) is more than dissolved form P loadings(42.0% of the total phosphorus).It is a simple and direct method of estimating non-point source pollution loadings,which can be applied in the nutriment migration of the water body's bottom sludge,such as lake and reservoir etc.