反相微乳液法合成淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰亚胺乙酯三甲基氯化铵共聚物

以淀粉为基材,通过反相微乳液聚合法与丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰亚胺乙酯三甲基氯化铵进行接枝反应制备共聚物。考察了引发剂种类及用量、乳化剂种类及用量、单体配比、盐类添加剂等因素对单体转化率、接枝率、产物特性粘数的影响。实验结果表明:以过硫酸铵-尿为引发体系,m(Span20)∶m(OP4)=40∶60的混合物为乳化剂,质量分数为7%;正己醇为助乳化剂,质量分数为3%;丙烯酰胺与丙烯酰亚胺乙酯三甲基氯化铵质量比为4∶1,接枝聚合物的接枝率达到127%,特性粘数达到1 060 mL/g。而质量分数为3%的乙酸钠和丙酸钠的加入可使产品特性粘数增加至1 210 mL/g和1 130 mL/g。

Synthesis of the graft copolymer of AM-AETMAC on starch in reverse microemulsion

A graft copolymer was synthesized by copolymerization of starch with acrylamide(AM) and acrylimide ethyltrimethylammonium chloride(AETMAC) in the reverse microemulsion.The graft copolymerization was carried out using redox initiator in reverse microemulsion and Span,Tween,OP and their mixture as emulsifirs.The optimum condition was that the mixture of(NH4)2S2O8and(NH2)2CO as initiator,the mixture of Span20 and OP4 as emulsifiers,mass content in oil phase of mixture emulisifier 7%,and n-hexanol as co-emulsifier,mass content in oil phase was 3%.The addition of sodium acetate and sodium propionate with the mass content 3% can make the specific viscidity increased to 1 210 mL/g and 1 130 mL/g.