高介电聚偏氟乙烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及表征

采用溶液共混法制备了高介电聚偏氟乙烯/聚苯胺复合材料,并对复合材料的微观结构、热稳定性和介电性能进行了表征和分析。结果表明:聚苯胺(PANI)在聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)基体中分散得比较均匀,当质量分数w(PANI)达到10%时,大部分还是独立分散于PVDF基体中,只形成了少量渗流簇;虽然在PVDF中加入PANI会使复合材料的热稳定性变差,但PANI的加入有利于提高复合材料的介电常数。当w(PANI)8%时,复合材料在103Hz时的介电常数随PANI的增加而小幅增加;当w(PANI)由8%提高到10%时,复合材料的介电常数由8%时的57.7突跃至10%时的1 140。对复合材料的介电损耗来说,当w(PANI)8%时,介电损耗较低,但当w(PANI)由8%提高到10%时,介电损耗从1.07增加至12.2。

Preparation and Characterization of High Dielectric PVDF/PANI Composites

High dielectric polyvinylidene fluoride/polyaniline （PVDF/PANI） composites were prepared by solution mixing method. The micro structure, thermal stabilization and dielectric properties of the composites were characterized. The results proved that PANI gran- ales were effectively dispersed in PVDF matrix. When the mass fraction of PANI was w （PAND = 10 %, most of PANI granules were dispersed individually in PVDF matrix and only a few percolation clusters appeared. Although the thermal stability of PVDF/PANI composites decreased, the dielectric constant increased. The dielectric constant at 1 kHz of the composites increased slowly as the w （PANI） 〈 8 %, while it increased dramatically from 57.7 to 1 140 as the w （PANI） increased from 8 % to 10 %. The dielectric loss of the composites was lower as the w （PANI） 〈 8 %, while it increased greatly from 1.07 to 12.2 as the w （PANI） increased from 8 % to 10%.