微波消解法测定废电视机ABS 塑料中的Cr、Cd、Pb、Ni

丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物(ABS)塑料是一种重要的工程塑料,在电视机外壳制造中多用于前框的制造。为满足不同产品的使用性能需求,常对ABS塑料添加含有重金属元素的不同助剂进行改良,因此,ABS塑料废弃后或者再生利用时,可能对环境和人体造成危害。通过优化消解酸体系、消解酸的量、微波消解程序等前处理条件建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子放射光谱法,同时测定ABS塑料中Cr、Cd、Pb、Ni 4种元素的方法。结果表明:对于微波消解法采用8 m L硝酸、2 m L过氧化氢和1.5 m L氟硼酸组合的消解效果最优,消解完成后,消解液澄清,各元素检出限低于0.82 mg/kg,相对标准偏差最高为6.98%;用加标回收的方法评价了该方法的准确性,加标回收率为76.2%～85.6%。该方法消解效果彻底、检出限低、精确度高、准确度好。

Determination of Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni in Waste TV ABS Plastics by Microwave Digestion

Acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer (ABS) plastic is an important engineering plastic used for the manufacture of the front frame in the manufacture of TV shell. In order to meet the usage requirements of different products, different additives containing heavy metals are often added into ABS plastics for performance improvement. Therefore, ABS plastics may cause harm to environment and human body when they are abandoned or recycled. Microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry method for the determination of the elements Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni in ABS plastic simultaneously was established through the optimization of acid digestion system, acid digestion dosage, microwave digestion procedure of pretreatment conditions. The condition for microwave digestion was optimal when it was added 8 mL HNO3, 2 mL H2O2 and 1.5 mL HBF4. After the digestion, the digestion solution was clear. The detection limit of every element was less than 0.82 mg/kg and the relative standard deviation was no more than 6.98%. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by the method of spiked recovery and the recovery was 76.2%?5.6%. The method had the advantages of thorough digestion, low detection limit, high recision and good accuracy.