纤维材料内部结构不匀对光的散射

纤维材料内部存在杂质、染料、消光剂、结晶和空穴等结构不匀，从而使光发生散射。光波通过纤维材料时能量的输运问题可以直接利用辐射输运理论来处理。纤维材料内部存在不同结构层次，织物内纤维叠层构造也十分明显，因而可以看成平面平行介质。平行光束入射到平面平行介质的问题，可用距离Ｚ、角度θ和三个变量的方程来描述。对于纯净的纤维材料，光散射粒子呈稀疏分布，可以在一级多次散射下求解，从而建立散射光强度与粒子的尺度、密度及光散射特性之间的关系。

Effect of Irregularities in Internal Structure of Fibre Material on Scatter of Light

The properties of irregularities in internal structure must be a factor substantially effecting light scatter of fibres. The degree of orientation of the molecular aggregation, amount of crystalline material, size and distribution qf crystallites, delusterants, impurities and cavities are likely introducing optical inhomogeneity, and will result in severe scatter of light while travelling in the fibre. The energy transformation when light passes into a medium which contains light scattering particles can be treated by Schuster's transport theory. One special case, tenuous distribution of scatters, is considered here as plane-parallel medium. On the basis of first-order multiple scattering approximation, the distribution of scattered light intensity is deduced. Attempts have been made to explain the difference in light scattering of the materials in terms of the size, density and characteristics of the particles involved.