贡嘎山冰川森林区径流过程模拟

山地冰川森林的水文效应是陆地生态系统中森林和水的相互作用及其功能的综合体现。在不同的地区,由于气候、地势、地质条件、土壤和地形等因素的综合影响,山地冰川森林的存在和变化呈现出不同的水文生态响应。针对山地冰川森林区的水文特点,建立了了具有物理机制的山地冰川森林流域分布式DGF-SLEHM（Distributed Glacial Forest Space-Land-Ecology Hydrology Model）水文模型,它在一般模型的基础上,增加了反映山地冰川森林植被截留和植被蒸散发结构、森林土壤结构以及积雪融雪计算处理的模块。并以贡嘎山典型的山地冰川森林区———黄崩溜沟流域为例,对山地冰川森林影响水文作用的复杂过程及其水文生态效应展开模拟分析。从总径流量和年径流过程模拟的统计特征来看,该模型大体上反映出山地冰川森林区的径流过程,能够对地面水文过程进行系统仿真。

Simulation of Runoff Process for Glacial Forest Basin in Gongga Mountainous

The glacial forest vegetation which is a link in the water cycle process in terrestrial ecosystems can not be ignored, and it plays an important regulatory role in the entire process of water movement. The hydrological effect of glacial forest ecosystems is an interactions and their embodiment of the integrated function of the forest and water. Therefore, in different areas, as a result of the effects of climate, topography, geological conditions, soil and topographic factors, the existence and changes of the glacial forests showed different eco-hydrological responses. In according with some relative features of glacial forest basin in Gongga mountainous a new distributed glacial forest space-land-ecology hydrology model （DGF-SLE- HM） based on physical characteristics was established in this study, while especially a vegetative evapotranspiration and soil composition, as well as soil water storage hysteresis are produced. Furthermore, some changes of the glacial forest vegetation impact on hydrological processes were computed in Huangbengliu Gully Watershed of Gongga Mountainous, and the results of DGF-SLEHM are in good agreement with the historical runoff investigations. In addition, the DGF-SLEHM would be used to simulate an interaction and mutual influence between forest vegetation and ecological environment, hydrological processes.