一种精确获取椭球高差方法的研究

论述了GPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)天线的电子相位中心并不与其几何中心重合而产生的天线相位中心偏差.指出了天线相位中心偏差的垂直分量对高程测量结果影响较大,使GPS测量在一些应用中受到限制.提出了一种重叠设站的方法,通过对不同天线两次观测结果进行求差,有效地减弱了天线相位的垂直偏差,同时也消除了因测量仪器高而产生的误差,从而得到精度较高的椭球高差.并把这种方法应用在施工控制网的建立上,可以使平面和高程控制数据用GPS一起测出,并用水准测量方法对高程数据进行了检核,互差较小,达到了工程精度要求.

Method of determining the precise height of ellipsoid

The electric phase center of the GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna isn't exactly at the physical center of the antenna, which is the antenna phase center error. The vertical error affects the precision of the height of ellipsoid greatly. In this paper, a method of setting up a GPS station twice was proposed, which can reduce antenna vertical error and omit the error caused by the height of measuring instruments, so the precise height of ellipsoid was obtained. This method can be used in setting up construction control net work, which can determine plane coordinates and height data together. Then differential leveling was employed to check the precision of height data. The result shows that the differences was little, which meet the precision requirement of the construction.