利用固体充填开采方法保护建筑群安全的研究

我国煤矿建筑物下压煤量占总压煤量的69%,同时每年要向地面排放4.5亿t以上的固体废弃物,因此,研究利用固体废弃物充填开采方法,在保证地表建筑物安全性的基础上,高效开采出下压煤炭资源意义重大.文章应用数值模拟方法,对建筑物下压煤开采所引起的岩层移动过程进行模拟,系统分析了采场围岩塑性区分布及地表沉陷量变化规律,由计算结果分析得知,应用固体充填开采法与无充填直接开采相比,采场围岩破坏单元数较少,围岩稳定性受影响较小,减少地表沉陷量效果明显.以数值模拟结果作为参考,研制了长臂综采矸石充填开采工艺的配套设备,并在某矿建筑物下压煤炭开采的实际应用中取得良好效果,有效控制了地表变形,保证了建筑物的安全性和资源的高效开采.

Research on Protecting the Safety of Buildings by Using Backfill Mining with Solid

The coal under buildings accounts for 69% of the total in China,while more than 4.5 billion tons of solid waste is discharged to the ground over years.This paper studied the backfill with solid mining method.It is meaningful for the efficient exploitation of coal mining under buildings as well as reducing environmental pollution around the mining area.In this paper,we analyzed the plastic zone distribution of the face surrounding rock and the variation of surface subsidence systematically.According to the simulation results,backfill mining with solid reduce the damage to the surrounding rock of the goaf and diminish the effect on the stability of surrounding rock.It also can reduce the surface subsidence obviously.Taking the above study results as one of the important references,we research and design the matching equipments with fully-mechanized filling mining.The filling equipments mainly are the self-tamping backfilling hydraulic support and backfilling conveyor.These have been applied to an actual exploitation of coal mining under buildings,and achieved good results.It can control the surface deformation effectively and ensure the safety of buildings and the efficient exploitation of resources.Backfill mining with solid provides a new way for the mining under buildings.