五硼酸钾的合成工艺

鉴于五硼酸钾的广泛应用,实验从合成角度寻求五硼酸钾的最佳合成条件,以提高五硼酸钾的产量.实验利用五硼酸钾在水溶液中溶解度小的特点制备出较纯的五硼酸钾,采用单因素法,研究五硼酸钾生长的规律,确定最佳工艺条件为：反应配比1∶10,析晶温度为常温,固液质量比1∶3,析晶期间不搅拌,煅烧温度为400℃.采用X射线衍射法和红外光谱法确定晶体结构,通过测试热重和差热曲线研究晶体的脱水机理.

Synthesis of Potassium Pentaborate

As the extensive use of potassium pentaborate（KB5）,experiments were carried out in the perspective of synthetic KB5 and searched for the best conditions in order to enhance the production of KB5.Pure KB5 could be fabricated because of small solubility in aqueous,and the growth of KB5 in the rules of single-factor method was studied.The optimum conditions were obtained as follows： the reaction ratio was 1∶10,the crystallization temperature was room temperature,the ratio of solid-to-liquid was 1∶3,and none-stirring during crystallization,calcinations temperature was 400 ℃.The grown crystals were confirmed by XRD and IR,and the mechanism of the crystal dehydration was subjected to TG and DTA studies.