中国高速铁路的创新机制及启示

中国高速铁路(简称高铁)在引进国外技术的基础上走上了自主创新的道路,在头型、车体气密性、弓网动态受流、转向架等许多技术方面取得了创新。高铁的发展是由其内在的动力机制和运行机制保证的,国内市场的刚性需求、国内外的技术推力、国家的规划和扶持、企业自我发展的追求等构成了高铁的动力机制,技术学习过程、员工队伍建设、全面创新管理、创新生态系统的相互作用等构成了高铁的运行机制。中国高铁的未来发展应重点关注:自身的技术储备、人才和氛围的培育以及技术、需求、产业链的交互作用。

The Innovation System and Inspiration of Chinese High-Speed Railway

Based on the introduction of foreign technology, Chinese high-speed railway is heading to its independent innovation. It has made many technical innovations in head shape, air tightness of the body, pantograph-catenary current collection, bogies, etc. The intrinsic dynamic mechanism and the operating mechanism guaranteed the high-speed railway development in China. The integrant demand of the domestic market, foreign and domestic technology drive, national planning and support, and self-development of enterprises’ constitute the dynamic mechanism of high-speed railway. The technological learning, staff team development, comprehensive innovative management, and the interactions of innovative ecosystem constitute the operating mechanism of high-speed railway. The future development of Chinese high-speed railway should focus on the technological reserve, the cultivation of talent people as well as the interaction of technology, need and industry chain.