基于用户负荷特性的电价交叉补贴测算模型

妥善处理电价交叉补贴是输配电价改革的关键，对中国新一轮电力市场化改革的顺利推进至关重要。综合考虑中国输配电价改革和各电压等级各类电力用户的负荷特性，构建各电压等级各类电力用户电价交叉补贴测算模型并以中国北方某省为例进行实证测算与分析。结果表明：该省居民生活用户和农业生产用户为交叉补贴享受方，其中居民生活用户享受的交叉补贴最多，占这两类用户享受的交叉补贴总额的92.84%；大工业用户和一般工商业及其他用户为交叉补贴提供方，其中大工业用户提供的交叉补贴最多，占这两类用户提供的交叉补贴总额的51.59%；电压等级越低，居民生活用户和农业生产用户享受的电价交叉补贴程度越大。

Electricity Price Cross Subsidy Calculation Model Considering Load Characteristics of Electricity Consumers

Suitable pricing of the electricity price cross subsidy of electricity price is not only a key point for transmission and distribution prices reform, but also important for promoting the development of electricity market reform in China. Considering the transmission and distribution prices reform as well as load characteristics of the electricity consumers, this paper proposes a electricity price cross subsidy calculation model for different kinds of electricity consumers under different voltage classes, and then empirical analysis is performed by taking a north province of China as an example. The results show:(1) residential consumers and agricultural consumers are cross subsidy receivers, of which the residential consumers obtain the most cross subsidy, namely, 92.84% of the whole package; (2) large industrial consumers and general commercial consumers are cross subsidy suppliers, of which the large industrial consumers provide the most cross subsidy, namely, 51.59%; (3) the lower the voltage level, the more the electricity price cross subsidy of residential consumers and agricultural consumers can obtain.