电网故障与火电厂机组控制应对

美加电网大面积停电，普遍关注的焦点是电网的安全。从电厂的角度出发，通过实践总结电厂应对电网故障的方案。电网发生有限故障时，电厂首先的应对是机组良好的、宽负荷范围的一次调频和及时恰当的二次调频作用，电网发生故障特别是当电厂存在脱离系统而带局域电网运行的可能时，汽轮机组精确完善的超速保护控制(OPC）是维持局域电网运行的极重要功能，当电网发生严重故障发电厂孤立运行时，成功实现机组快速甩负荷(FCB)功能带厂用电运行是电网恢复的最佳对策。就一次词频、OPC、FCB等电厂控制方案在上海宝钢电厂的实践展开讨论，以说明完善的电厂控制可减轻电网故障程度。

Countermeasures against power system failure for control of thermal power plants

Security is of great concern to power grid. The countermeasures against power system failure were summarized as viewed from power plants. When slight failure happens to a system, turbine-generator unit should firstly conduct primary frequency modulation followed with fine frequency modulation. When partial failure occurred, especially when possibility exists that a plant operates with its local power network and is separated from the system, accurate overspeed protection control (OPC) function of units should be extremely important for maintaining operation of the local network. When a system is damaged seriously and a plant is left in isolated operation, to activate fast cut back (FCB) while operating for house power should be optimum for system recovery. The practices of primary frequency modulation, OPC and FCB in Baosteel Power Plant were reviewed to explain the function of plant control in alleviating system failure.