气隙偏心对车用永磁同步电机噪声特性的影响分析

新能源汽车领域竞争的加剧，对驱动电机噪声、振动与声振粗糙度（NVH）性能提出了更高的要求。其中气隙偏心可能导致车用电机出现振动和噪声问题。本文以一台额定功率35 kW的车用永磁同步电机为研究对象，采用解析和有限元仿真相结合的方法分别分析转子动偏心和转子静偏心对车用电机电磁力特性的影响。并建立了电机结构的有限元模态仿真模型，准确分析车用电机的工作模态。在声学仿真分析基础之上，分析了不同程度的动偏心率和静偏心率对汽车电机两个关键工作点电磁噪声频谱特性的影响。最后，通过半消音室内的电机噪声测试试验验证理论分析的正确性。

Analysis of the Influence of Air Gap Eccentricity on the Noise Characteristics of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for Vehicles

The intensification of competition in the field of new energy vehicles has raised the requirements for the noise, vibration, and acoustic vibration roughness (NVH) performance of drive motors. The eccentricity of the air gap may also cause vibration and noise problems in the vehicle motor. This article takes a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a rated power of 35 kW as the research object, and uses a combination of analytical and finite element simulation methods to analyze the effects of rotor dynamic eccentricity and rotor static eccentricity on the electromagnetic force characteristics of the vehicle motor. And a finite element modal simulation model of the motor structure is established, accurately analyze the working mode of the vehicle motor. Based on acoustic simulation analysis, the influence of different degrees of dynamic eccentricity and static eccentricity on the electromagnetic noise spectrum characteristics of two key working points of vehicle motors is analyzed. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified through motor noise testing experiments in a semi anechoic room.